since 1997.4.2.

Hayakawa's one million-year tephra catalog

as of 1996.12.4

  • World (>M6.0; 193 tephras)

  • Japan (933 tephras)
  • Hokkaido (118 tephras); Nihongo (127 tephras) as of 1999.1.22
  • Tohoku (145 tephras); Nihongo (147 tephras) as of 1999.1.22
  • Chubu and Northern Kanto (306 tephras); Nihongo (334 tephras) as of 1999.1.22
  • Southern Kanto (301 tephras); Nihongo (316 tephras) as of 1999.1.22
  • Chugoku and Kinki (55 tephras); Nihongo (55 tephras) as of 1999.1.22
  • Kyushu(134 tephras); Nihongo (152 tephras) as of 1999.1.22

    * Age is in 1000 years going back from 2000 AD.
    * M is Magnitude. It is defined as M = log m - 7, where m is the mass of tephra in kg. Lava not included.
    * MIS is Marine Isotope Stage.

    REFERENCES:
    *Decker RW (1990) How often does a Minoan eruption occur? In Thera and the Agean World III, ed. DA Hardy 2: 444-452. London: Thera Found.
    *Machida H, Arai F (1992) Atlas of Tephra in and around Japan. Univ Tokyo Press, 276p. (in Japanese)
    *Simkin T, Siebert L (1994) Volcanoes of the World. Geoscience Press, Tucson AZ, 349p.

    Please send your comments to:
    mailing list tephra or hayakawa@edu.gunma-u.ac.jp.
    Complaints to tephra namings are welcome.

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